Society, Law and Ethics Society, law, and ethics in computer science describe how technology interacts with people, rules, and moral values. Together, they ensure that technology is used safely, fairly, and for the benefit of everyone. Understanding these concepts helps individuals use computers responsibly and contribute to a secure and trustworthy digital environment. Digital Footprint … Read more
Computer Networks Evolution of Network Introduction to Computer Network Two or more computing devices connected to one another in order to exchange information or share resources , form a computer network. Advantages of networks : Disadvantages of networks : Evolution The original aim was to create a network that would allow users, of a research … Read more
CPU Scheduling CPU scheduling is the method used by the operating system to decide which process gets the CPU next when multiple processes are ready to run. Since the CPU can execute only one process per core at a time, scheduling ensures efficient and fair usage of the CPU. Scheduling Criteria Scheduling criteria are the … Read more
Threads A thread is a lightweight process, meaning it’s a smaller unit of execution inside a Process. A process can have multiple threads sharing the same memory and resources. Threads make programs faster and more responsive, especially for tasks that can run in parallel. Main types : Multicore programming Multicore programming is the practice of … Read more
Process management Process A process is basically a program that is currently running. Think of it like a running app on your phone or computer — it’s more than just the code; it includes its current state, memory, and resources. Process states A process moves through different states during its life. State : Description Process scheduling … Read more
Operating system An operating system is software that manages the computer’s hardware and software resources and provides services for application programs. Kernel vs kernel space Kernel Kernel space OS structure Monolithic structure Layered approach Microkernel structure Modular structure Operations & services Operations Services System calls Definition Operating system Design goals Implementation System boot
System software Machine language Assembly language High-level languages Compilers Interpreters Loaders Linkers Relocation Linker, relocator, loader Think of it like this Macros Debuggers
SDLC ( Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) ) SDLC phases usually are : Coding & Implementation Coding is the process of translating system design into a programming language so that it can be executed by a computer. It is also called implementation in the software development life cycle (SDLC). Good practices Version control Example : … Read more
What is Software Design ? Important Concepts Abstraction : hiding unnecessary details. Modularity : dividing system into smaller modules. Cohesion : how closely related functions are inside a module. & high cohesion is good. Coupling : dependency between modules. & low coupling is good. Abstraction Abstraction is the process of hiding unnecessary implementation details and … Read more