Process management Process A process is basically a program that is currently running. Think of it like a running app on your phone or computer — it’s more than just the code; it includes its current state, memory, and resources. Process states A process moves through different states during its life. State : Description Process scheduling … Read more
Internet World Wide Web WWW vs Internet Web Servers Web Client & Web Browser When a user requests a particular website, the web browser retrieves the necessary content from a web server and then displays the resulting web page on the user’s device. Ex. chrome , Mozilla etc Incognito mode – it is a private … Read more
Cyber safety Keeping information safe and secure, and being respectful of other people online Safely browsing the web and using social networks Tips for safe web browsing Safely use social networks Identity protection & proper usage of passwords Identity theft : Identity theft is when someone steals and uses your personal info, like name, ID, … Read more
Computer System Computer runs on electricity. It takes input, process it and produce desired results. The results are known as outputs. Characteristics of Computer system Computers are capable of doing many important things in easy way for us. Its characteristics are speed, data storage, accuracy, versatility, diligence, reliability and no iq. Speed Data Storage Accuracy … Read more
Operating system An operating system is software that manages the computer’s hardware and software resources and provides services for application programs. Kernel vs kernel space Kernel Kernel space OS structure Monolithic structure Layered approach Microkernel structure Modular structure Operations & services Operations Services System calls Definition Operating system Design goals Implementation System boot
System software Machine language Assembly language High-level languages Compilers Interpreters Loaders Linkers Relocation Linker, relocator, loader Think of it like this Macros Debuggers
SDLC ( Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) ) SDLC phases usually are : Coding & Implementation Coding is the process of translating system design into a programming language so that it can be executed by a computer. It is also called implementation in the software development life cycle (SDLC). Good practices Version control Example : … Read more
What is Software Design ? Important Concepts Abstraction : hiding unnecessary details. Modularity : dividing system into smaller modules. Cohesion : how closely related functions are inside a module. & high cohesion is good. Coupling : dependency between modules. & low coupling is good. Abstraction Abstraction is the process of hiding unnecessary implementation details and … Read more
Requirement definition & types Functional requirement Non-functional requirement SRS (software requirement specification) Requirement elicitation Key process steps
Waterfall model Waterfall model phases Waterfall model key characteristics Waterfall model advantages Waterfall model disadvantages V-model (verification & validation model) V-model structure Left side of v (verification – development phases) Right side of v (validation – testing phases) V-model advantages Spiral model Each spiral includes Spiral model: Planning Spiral model: Risk analysis Spiral model: Engineering … Read more